GROUND SUPPORT – REINFORCEMENT, COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

[giguni]

GROUND SUPPORT – REINFORCEMENT, COMPOSITE STRUCTURES

Ground support comprises a wide field of geotechnical engineering. Therefore some special topics are selected: Reinforcement and dowelling of soil and rock by nails, anchors, piles and jet-grouting. Thus, the ground becomes more or less a compound body which locally can be considered a quasi-monolith. In the case of retaining structures or underground excavations, prestressed anchors are used in addition to conventional reinforcement. The paper focuses on retaining structures, underpinning of buildings, and tunnelling. Residual shear strength of the ground is considered an essential value for parametric design analyses and risk assessment, and the observational method is favoured over the fully-engineered design.

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