Civil Engineering Association

ACI 212.3R-10 - Report on Chemical Admixtures for Concrete

Chemical admixtures, which are primarily water-soluble substances, are discussed in detail and, in this report, are classified into 13 groups: airentraining; accelerating; water-reducing and set-retarding; admixtures for flowing concrete; admixtures for self-consolidating concrete; cold weather admixture systems; admixtures for very high-early-strength concrete; extended set control; shrinkage-reducing; corrosion-inhibiting; lithium; permeability-reducing; and miscellaneous. Chemical admixtures are used on a daily basis in the cast-in-place and precast concrete industries. Twelve categories of admixtures are described in detail as to type, current usage, and their effect on concrete in the plastic and hardened state. Their benefits and common usage are outlined.
Each category of admixture addresses the benefits obtainable with their use in a properly proportioned concrete mixture, types of batching systems, control measures, and test placements for mixture design verification. Mixture designs using multiple chemical admixtures have become more common. Their successful usage requires proper compatibility and, often, setting times and early strengths that are proper for the placing environment. The potential benefits are highlighted to all members of the concrete team, concrete contractor, concrete producer, admixture supplier, and testing personnel.

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ACI PRC-212.3-16 Report on Chemical Admixtures for Concrete

This report reviews several categories and types of chemical admixtures and their use in unique concrete technologies. They are classified into 12 groups: air-entraining; normal, mid- and high-range water-reducing; accelerating; set-retarding; extended set-control; workability-retaining; viscosity- and rheology-modifying, shrinkage-reducing and shrinkage-compensating, and corrosion-inhibiting; lithium admixtures to reduce deleterious alkali-silica reaction; permeability-reducing; and miscellaneous.

Chemical admixtures are used on a daily basis in the cast-in-place and precast concrete industries. Mixture designs using multiple chemical admixtures are more common today. Their successful use requires compatibility, setting times, and early strengths that are appropriate to the placing environment.

Each category of admixture addresses common use and the potential benefits of a properly proportioned concrete mixture to various professionals, including the concrete contractor, concrete producer, and design professional. The sustainability of chemical admixtures and their role in sustainable construction is addressed. Finely divided mineral admixtures, such as fly ash or raw and processed natural pozzolans, are addressed in ACI 232.2R and ACI 232.1R, respectively.

Keywords: accelerating; admixture(s); admixture system; air-entraining; alkali-aggregate reaction; batching order; cold weather concrete; corrosion-inhibiting; extended set control; flowing concrete; high-range water-reducing admixture; mid-range water-reducing admixture; permeability-reducing admixtures; pervious concrete; self-consolidating concrete; set-retarding; rheology-modifying; shrinkage-reducing; water-reducing; viscosity-modifying; workability-retaining.

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