Transportations Systems Modeling and Applications in Earthquake Engineering

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Transportations Systems Modeling and Applications in Earthquake Engineering.

Author: Chang, L Elnashai, A S Spencer, B F Song, J Ouyang, Y | Size: 5.73 MB | Format: PDF | Quality: Unspecified | Publisher: University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign | Year: 2010 | pages: 182

Transportation networks constitute one class of major civil infrastructure systems that is a critical backbone of modern society. Physical damage and functional loss to transportation infrastructure systems not only hinder everyday societal and commercial activities, but also impair post-disaster response and recovery, leading to substantial socio-economic consequences. Therefore, understanding and modeling the disastrous impact on the transportation infrastructures and the corresponding changes of travel patterns under extreme events are vital for stakeholders, emergency managers, and government agencies to mitigate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from the potential impact. This research is aimed at developing a systematic approach for risk modeling and disaster management of transportation systems in the context of earthquake engineering. First, by employing the performance metrics that are suited for immediate post-disaster response, this dissertation explores efficient methodologies to maximize the overall system functionality and the benefit of mitigation investment for transportation infrastructure systems. Furthermore, the regions potentially unreachable after a damaging earthquake are identified promptly by using network reachability algorithms that provide essential information for rapid emergency response decision- making. Lastly, an integrated simulation model of travel demand that accounts for damage of bridge and building structures, release of hazardous materials, and influences of emergency shelters and hospitals, is developed to approximate the 'abnormal' post-earthquake travel patterns and evaluate the functional loss of the transportation systems.

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