Civil Engineering Association

ACI 231R-10 - Report on Early-Age Cracking: Causes, Measurement, and Mitigation

Early-age cracking is a challenge for the concrete industry. Materials selection, environmental conditions, and field practices all have considerable influence on the propensity for early-age cracking to occur. This document focuses on thermal- and moisture-related deformations; both are materials-related and contribute to early-age cracking. The document provides detailed reviews on the causes of deformation and cracking, test methods for assessing shrinkage and thermal deformation properties, and mitigation strategies for reducing early-age cracking.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter 1—Introduction and scope
1.1—Introduction
1.2—Scope
Chapter 2—Notation and definitions
2.1—Notation
2.2—Definitions
Chapter 3—Causes of early-age deformation and cracking
3.1—Thermal deformation
3.2—Autogenous shrinkage
3.3—Drying shrinkage
3.4—Creep and stress relaxation from deformation restraint
3.5—Mitigation of shrinkage
Chapter 4—Test methods and assessment
4.1—Introduction
4.2—Shrinkage measurements
4.3—Ring test
4.4—Rigid cracking frames
4.5—Coefficient of thermal expansion (αT) measurement
4.6—Analysis tools assessing stresses and cracking
Chapter 5—Shrinkage control
5.1—Introduction
5.2—Expansive additives
5.3—Shrinkage-reducing admixtures
5.4—Internal curing
Chapter 6—References
6.1—Referenced standards and reports
6.2—Cited references

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ACI PRC-231-10(20) Report on Early-Age Cracking: Causes, Measurement and Mitigation

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