Civil Engineering Association

1.A Framework to Quantitatively Assess and Enhance the Seismic Resilience of Communities
Michel Bruneau, Stephanie E. Chang, Ronald T. Eguchi, George C. Lee, Thomas D. O'Rourke, Andrei M. Reinhorn, Masanobu Shinozuka, Kathleen Tierney, William A. Wallace, and Detlof von Winterfeldt

2.Seismic Damage Characteristics of Cripple Walls
Y. H. Chai and Tara C. Hutchinson

3.Laboratory Equipment: Estimating Losses and Mitigation Costs
Mary C. Comerio and John C. Stallmeyer

4.SDOF Demand Index Relationships for Performance-Based Seismic Design
Kenneth T. Farrow and Yahya C. Kurama

5.Evaluation of Simple Methods for Estimating Drift of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Subjected to Earthquakes
Adolfo Matamoros, JoAnn Browning, and Maren Luft

6.The Seismic Design and Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Knee Joints in Buildings
Leslie M. Megget

7."Exact" Three-Dimensional Linear and Nonlinear Seismic Analysis of Structures with Two-Dimensional Models
Michael Mehrain and Farzad Naeim

8.A Comparative Study of U.S.-Japan Seismic Design of Highway Bridges: I. Design Methods
W. P. Yen, J. D. Cooper, S. W. Park, S. Unjoh, T. Terayama, and H. Otsuka

9.A Comparative Study of U.S.-Japan Seismic Design of Highway Bridges: II. Shake-Table Model Tests
S. W. Park, W. P. Yen, J. D. Cooper, S. Unjoh, T. Terayama, and H. Otsuka

10.Equivalent Lateral Force and Modal Analysis Procedures of the 2000 NEHRP Provisions for Buildings with Damping Systems
Andrew S. Whittaker, Michael C. Constantinou, Oscar M. Ramirez, Martin W. Johnson, and Christis Z. Chrysostomou

11.Validation of the 2000 NEHRP Provisions' Equivalent Lateral Force and Modal Analysis Procedures for Buildings with Damping Systems
Oscar M. Ramirez, Michael C. Constantinou, Andrew S. Whittaker, Charles A. Kircher, Martin W. Johnson, and Christis Z. Chrysostomou

12.On the Discussion of the Damping Reduction Factors in the Constant Acceleration Region for ATC-40 and FEMA-273
Yu-Yuan Lin, Meng-Hao Tsai, and Kuo-Chun Chang

13.Moments of Resistance
Mark Taylor, Author, Julieanna Preston, Author, Andrew Charleson, Author, and Mary Comerio Reviewer, M.EERI

Foreword
Jack P. Moehle

Preface
Daniel P. Abrams

1.Cyclic Loading Histories for Seismic Experimentation on Structural Components
Helmut Krawinkler

2.Effects of Scale and Loading Rate with Tests of Concrete and Masonry Structures
Daniel Abrams

3.Application of Pseudodynamic Test Method to Structural Research
P. Benson Shing, Masayoshi Nakashima, and Oreste S. Bursi

4.Simulated Seismic Laboratory Load Testing of Full-Scale Buildings
Frieder Seible, Gilbert Hegemier, and Akira Igarashi

5.Considerations for the Use of Quasi-Static Testing
Robert T. Leon and Gregory G. Deierlein

6.Standardized Experimental Testing Procedures for Low-Rise Structures
Robin Shepherd

7.Seismic Test Methods for Architectural Glazing Systems
Richard A. Behr and Abdeldjelil Belarbi

8.Testing of Masonry Structures for Seismic Assessment
G. Michele Calvi, Gregory R. Kingsley, and Guido Magenes

9.Pseudodynamic Capabilities of the ELSA Laboratory for Earthquake Testing of Large Structures
J. Donea, G. Magonette, P. Negro, P. Pegon, A. Pinto, and G. Verzeletti

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1.Implications of Experiments on the Seismic Behavior of Gravity Load Designed RC Beam-to-Column Connections
Attila Beres, Stephen P. Pessiki, Richard N. White, and Peter Gergely

2.Probabilistic Assessments of the Seismic Hazard in Northern Armenia (Spitak Region)
Yu. K. Chernov and V. Yu. Sokolov

3.Sensitivity of Seismic Assessment of a Double-Deck, Reinforced Concrete Bridge
Jaime De la Colina, Marc O. Eberhard, Stanley W. Ryter, and Sharon L. Wood

4.A Refined Model for Base-Isolated Bridges with Bi-Linear Hysteretic Bearings
J.S. Hwang, J.M. Chiou, L.H. Sheng, and J.H. Gates

5.Seismic Analysis and Design of Modern Steel Highway Connectors
Ahmad M. Itani and Prem P. Rimal

6.Dynamic Properties of a Circuit Breaker with Friction-Based Seismic Dampers
R. Kar, J.H. Rainer, and A.C. Lefrançois

7.Redefining Terms in the Field of Seismic Safety and Risk Mitigation
Franz F. Sauter

8.Evaluation of UBC-94 Provisions for Seismic Design of RC Structural Walls
John W. Wallace

9.Discussion of "The Microzonation of Perth, Western Australia, Using Microtremor Spectral Ratios" by B.A. Gaull, H. Kagami, and H.Taniguchi
W. H. Boyce

10.Response to Discussion of "The Microzonation of Perth, Western Australia, Using Microtremor Spectral Ratios"
Brian A. Gaull, H. Kagami, and H. Taniguchi

11.Discussion of "A Clarification of Orthogonal Effects in a Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis" by E. L. Wilson, I. Suharwardy, and A. Habibullah
J.W. Reed and R. P. Kennedy

12.Discussion of "A Clarification of Orthogonal Effects in a Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis" by E. L. Wilson, I. Suharwardy, and A. Habibullah
Oscar A. López and Ronald Torres

13.Response to Discussions of "A Clarification of Orthogonal Effects in a Three-Dimensional Seismic Analysis"
E.. Wilson, I. Suharwardy, and A. Habibullah

Erratum

1.Damage Scenarios Simulation for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Zones
Alex H. Barbat, Fabricio Yépez Moya, and José A. Canas

2.A More Rational Approach to Capacity Design of Seismic Moment Frame Columns
K. Dirk Bondy

3.Site Response Studies for Purpose of Revising NEHRP Seismic Provisions
C. B. Crouse and J.W. McGuire

4.Use of Loss Estimates by Government Agencies in the Northridge Earthquake for Response and Recovery
James D. Goltz

5.Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Members Damaged by Earthquakes
Robert D. Hanson

6.1996 EERI Student Paper Award Modeling of the Nonlinear Seismic Behavior of Gravity Load Designed Frames
Khalid M. Mosalam

7.Earthquake Performance of Gas Transmission Pipelines
T.D. O'Rourke and M.C. Palmer

8.Seismic Input Modelling for Zoning and Microzoning
G. F. Panza, F. Vaccari, G. Costa, P. Suhadolc, and D. Fäh

9.Issues on the Seismic Retrofit of a Building near Resonant Response and Structural Pounding
Arturo Tena-Colunga, Enrique Del Valle, and Dalila Pérez-Moreno

10.Seismic Upgrading of Old Brick-Masonry Urban Houses: Tying of Walls with Steel Ties
Miha Toma evi , Marjana Lutman, and Polona Weiss

11.Friction-Damped Moment-Resisting Frames
Douglas Way

12.Dynamics of Structures—Theory and Applications to Earthquake Engineering
W.J. Hall

13.Seismic Design and Retrofit of Bridges
Joseph P. Nicoletti

Preface
James O. Jirsa

1.Seismic Design and Testing of an RC Slab-Column Frame Strengthened by Steel Bracing
Adnan C. Masri and Subhash C. Goel

2.Lateral Response of Older Flat Slab Frames and the Economic Effect on Retrofit
Laurel Dovich and James K. Wight

3.Retrofit of Concrete Columns with Inadequate Lap Splices by the Use of Rectangular Steel Jackets
Riyad S. Aboutaha, Michael D. Engelhardt, James O. Jirsa, and Michael E. Kreger

4.Seismic Evaluation of Existing Reinforced Concrete Building Columns
Abraham C. Lynn, Jack P. Moehle, Stephen A. Mahin, and William T. Holmes

5.Retrofit of Non-Ductile Moment-Resisting Frames Using Precast Infill Wall Panels
Robert J. Frosch, Wanzhi Li, James O. Jirsa, and Michael E. Kreger

6.Seismic Rehabilitation of Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections
A. Ghobarah, Tarek. S. Aziz, and Ashraf Biddah

7.Measured Response of Roof Diaphragms and Wall Panels in Tilt-Up Systems Subjected to Cyclic Loading
Fernando S. Fonseca, Sharon L. Wood, and Neil M. Hawkins

8.Expected Seismic Behavior of Older Steel Structures
Charles W. Roeder, Roberto Leon, and F. Robert Preece

9.Out-of-Plane Strength of Unreinforced Masonry Infill Panels
Daniel P. Abrams, Richard Angel, and Joseph Uzarski

10.Seismic Strengthening of Unreinforced Masonry Piers with Steel Elements
Durgesh C. Rai and Subhash C. Goel

11.Seismic Rehabilitation of Infilled Non-Ductile Frame Buildings Using Post-Tensioned Steel Braces
Amador Terán-Gilmore, Vitelmo V. Bertero, and Nabih F.G. Youssef

12.Some Retrofit Options for the Seismic Upgrading of Old Low-Rise School Buildings in Mexico
Arturo Tena-Colunga

13.Repair and Retrofit of Unreinforced Masonry Structures
Teymour Manzouri, Michael P. Schuller, P. Benson Shing, and Bernard Amadei

14.The Role of Building Foundations in Seismic Retrofit
Charles W. Roeder, Sunirmal Banerjee, Debbie R. Jung, and Sean K. Smith

1.Evaluation of Bridge Abutment Capacity and Stiffness during Earthquakes
Rakesh K. Goel and Anil K. Chopra

2.Enduring Lessons and Opportunities Lost from the San Fernando Earthquake of February 9, 1971
Paul C. Jennings

3.Enduring Land-Use Planning Lessons from the 1971 San Fernando Earthquake
George G. Mader

4.Correlation Study of Shear Wave Velocity in Near Surface Geological Formations in Anchorage, Alaska
S. K. Nath, D. Chatterjee, N. N. Biswas, M. Dravinski, D. A. Cole, A. Papageorgiou, J. A. Rodriguez, and C. J. Poran

5.Stochastic Response Comparison between Base Isolated and Fixed-Base Structures
Bruno Palazzo and Luigi Petti

6.Models and Methods to Characterize Site Amplification from a Pair of Records
Erdal afak

7.Seismic Response of an Instrumented 13-Story Steel Frame Building Damaged in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake
Chia-Ming Uang, Qi-Song Yu, Ali Sadre, David Bonowitz, Nabih Youssef, and Jacqueline Vinkler

8.Discussion of "Redefining Terms in the Field of Seismic Safety and Risk Mitigation" by Franz Sauter F.
Fred Turner

9.Response to Fred Turner's Discussion of "Redefining Terms in the Field of Seismic Safety and Risk Mitigation"
Franz F. Sauter

10.Discussion of "Evaluation of UBC-94 Provisions for Seismic Design of RC Structural Walls" by John W.Wallace
Mehrdad Sasani

11.Response to Mehrdad Sasani's Discussion of "Evaluation of UBC-94 Provisions for Seismic Design of RC Structural Walls"
John W. Wallace

1.Effects of the Hinge Restrainers on the Response of the Aptos Creek Bridge during the 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake
Saber M. Abdel-Ghaffar, E. "Manos" Maragakis, and M. "Saiid" Saiidi

2.Correlation between Strain-Based Low-Cycle Fatigue and Energy-Based Linear Damage Models
Y.H. Chai and K.M. Romstad

3.EERI Annual Student Paper Award A Multidisciplinary Urban Earthquake Disaster Risk Index
Rachel Davidson

4.Fiber Composites: An Economical Alternative for Retrofitting Earthquake-Damaged Precast-Concrete Walls
Mohammad R. Ehsani and Hamid Saadatmanesh

5.The Variability of PSV Response Spectra across a Dense Array Deployed during the Northridge Aftershock Sequence
Edward H. Field and Susan E. Hough

6.Are Existing Seismic Torsion Provisions Achieving the Design Aims?
Thomas Paulay

7.Seismic Retrofitting of Rectangular Bridge Columns with Composite Straps
H. Saadatmanesh, M. R. Ehsani, and L. Jin

8.Design of Soft Stories—A Simplified Energy Approach
Adrian S. Scarlat

9.Discussion of "A More Rational Approach to Capacity Design of Seismic Moment Frame Columns" by K. Dirk Bondy
Thomas Paulay

10.Discussion of "A More Rational Approach to Capacity Design of Seismic Moment Frame Columns" by K. Dirk Bondy
Roberto Villaverde

11.Response to Thomas Paulay's Discussion of "A More Rational Approach to Capacity Design of Seismic Moment Frame Columns"
K. Dirk Bondy

12.Disaster Evacuation Behaviour — Tourists and Other Transients
Eve C. Gruntfest

1.Prediction of Soil Effects on Seismic Motions: A Comparative Case Study
George D. Bouckovalas

2.Evaluation of Recorded Earthquake Response of a Curved Highway Bridge
Reginald Desroches and Gregory L. Fenves

3.Evaluation of a Four-Story Reinforccd Concrete Building Damaged during the Northridge Earthquake
Mary Beth D. Hueste and James K. Wight

4.Stability of Isolators at Large Horizontal Displacements
Maura Imbimbo and James M. Kelly

5.Stability Aspects of Elastomeric Isolators
Maura Imbimbo and James M. Kelly

6.Analysis of Northridge Damaged Thirteen-Story WSMF Building
Bruce F. Maison and Kazuhiko Kasai

7.Site-Dependent Building Response in Singapore to Long-Distance Sumatra Earthquakes
Tso-Chien Pan

8.Ethical Dilemmas and Seismic Design
Tom Spector

9.Seismic Isolation of Buildings Subjected to Typical Subduction Earthquake Motions for the Mexican Pacific Coast
Arturo Tena-Colunga, Consuleo Gómez-Soberón, and Abel Muñoz-Loustaunau

10.EERI Distinguished Lecture 1996 A Covenant for Seismic Safety
L. Thomas Tobin

11.EERI Distinguished Lecture 1996 A Covenant for Seismic Safety
L. Thomas Tobin

12.Discussion of "Enduring Lessons and Opportunities Lost from the San Fernando Earthquake of February 9, 1971" by Paul C. Jennings
Bruce A. Bolt

13.Discussion of "Damage Scenarios Simulation for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Zones" by Alex H. Barbat, Fabricio Yépez Moya, and José A. Canas
A. J. Kappos

14.Response to A.J. Kappos' Discussion of "Damage Scenarios Simulation for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Zones"
Alex H. Barbat, Fabricio Yépez Moya, and José A. Canas

15.Fundamentals of Earthquake Resistant Construction
Vilas Mujumdar

16.The Geology of Earthquakes
Robert E. Wallace

Foreword
Roger D. Borcherdt

Preface
Thalia Anagnos

1.Methodologies for Evaluating the Socio-Economic Consequences of Large Earthquakes
Stephanie A. King, Anne S. Kiremidjian, Nesrin Basöz, Kincho Law, Mladen Vucetic, Macan Doroudian, Robert A. Olson, John M. Eidinger, Kenneth A. Goettel, and Gerald Horner

2.Loss Estimation Due to Seismic Risks to Highway Systems
Stuart D. Werner, Craig E. Taylor, and James E. Moore II

3.An Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology for Buildings Based on ATC-13 and ATC-21
Thomas C. McCormack and Franz N. Rad

4.Earthquake Damage and Loss Estimation Methodology and Data for Salt Lake County, Utah (ATC-36)
Christopher Rojahn, Stephanie A. King, Roger E. Scholl, Anne S. Kiremidjian, Lawrence D. Reaveley, and Robert R. Wilson

5.Development of a National Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology
Robert V. Whitman, Thalia Anagnos, Charles A. Kircher, Henry J. Lagorio, R. Scott Lawson, and Philip Schneider

6.Development of Building Damage Functions for Earthquake Loss Estimation
Charles A. Kircher, Aladdin A. Nassar, Onder Kustu, and William T. Holmes

7.Direct and Indirect Economic Losses from Earthquake Damage
David S. Brookshire, Stephanie E. Chang, Hal Cochrane, Robert A. Olson, Adam Rose, and Jerry Steenson

8.Estimation of Earthquake Losses to Buildings
Charles A. Kircher, Robert K. Reitherman, Robert V. Whitman, and Christopher Arnold

9.The Role of Earthquake Hazard Maps in Loss Estimation: A Study of the Northridge Earthquake
Robert B. Olshansky

10.Advances in Earthquake Loss Estimation and Application to Memphis, Tennessee
Masanobu Shinozuka, Stephanie E. Chang, Ronald T. Eguchi, Daniel P. Abrams, Howard H. M. Hwang, and Adam Rose

11.Seismic Performance Evaluation of Fire Stations in Shelby County, Tennessee
Howard H. M. Hwang, Huijie Lin, and Jun-Rong Huo

12.Earthquake Loss Estimation for Europe's Historic Town Centres
Dina D'Ayala, Robin Spence, Carlos Oliveira, and Antonios Pomonis

13.Seismic Microzonation and Estimation of Earthquake Loss Scenarios: Integrated Risk Mitigation Project of Bogotá, Colombia
Omar D. Cardona and Luis E. Yamín

14.Real-Time Loss Estimation as an Emergency Response Decision Support System: The Early Post-Earthquake Damage Assessment Tool (EPEDAT)
Ronald T. Eguchi, James D. Goltz, Hope A. Seligson, Paul J. Flores, Neil C. Blais, Thomas H. Heaton, and Edward Bortugno

15.The Treatment of Earthquake Portfolio Uncertainty: A Focus on Issues of Asset Distribution
Gordon Woo

16.The Public Health Consequences of Disasters
Linda Bourque

EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA, FEBRUARY 1998, VOLUME 14, ISSUE 1

1.Equivalent Static Eccentricities in the Simplified Methods of Seismic Analysis of Buildings
K. Anastassiadis, A. Athanatopoulou, and T. Makarios

2.The Spectral Source Model: A Tool for Deterministic and Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment
Catherine Berge, André Herrero, Pascal Bernard, Myriam Bour, and Pascal Dominique

3.Plans, Code Enforcement, and Damage Reduction: Evidence from the Northridge Earthquake
Raymond J. Burby, Steven P. French, and Arthur C. Nelson

4.Site Effects and Microzonation in Acapulco
Francisco J. Chávez-García and Julio Cuenca

5.Effects of Isolation Damping on Stochastic Response of Structures with Nonlinear Base Isolators
R. S. Jangid and P. Banerji

6.Observed Variation of Earthquake Motion across a Basin—Taipei City
Chin-Hsiung Loh, Jeng-Yaw Hwang, and Tzay-Chyn Shin

7.Scaling Procedure for Natural Accelerograms Based on a System of Spectrum Intensity Scales
Juan Enrique Martínez-Rueda

8.A Replacement for the 30%, 40%, and SRSS Rules for Multicomponent Seismic Analysis
Charles Menun and Armen Der Kiureghian

9.Stiffness Design for Specified Nonexceedance Probability of Seismic Response
Yutaka Nakamura and Tsuneyoshi Nakamura

10.Logic Trees, Sensitivity Analyses, and Data Reduction in Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment
Nitzan Rabinowitz, David M. Steinberg, and Gideon Leonard

11.Data Analysis of the Euroseistest Strong Motion Array in Volvi (Greece): Standard and Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio Techniques
D. Raptakis, N. Theodulidis, and K. Pitilakis

12.The Rinaldi Strong Motion Accelerogram of the Northridge, California Earthquake of 17 January 1994
Mihailo D. Trifunac, Maria I. Todorovska, and Vincent W. Lee

EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA, FEBRUARY 1999, VOLUME 15, ISSUE 1

1.Effects of Prior Earthquake Damage on Response of Simple Stiffness-Degrading Structures
Mark Aschheim and Edgar Black

2.Statistical Analysis of Bridge Damage Data from the 1994 Northridge, CA, Earthquake
Nesrin I. Basöz, Anne S. Kiremidjian, Stephanie A. King, and Kincho H. Law

3.GPS Monitoring of Dynamic Behavior of Long-Period Structures
Mehmet Çelebi, Will Prescott, Ross Stein, Ken Hudnut, Jeff Behr, and Steve Wilson

4.The Dynamic Response of Wood-Frame Shear Walls with Viscoelastic Dampers
David W. Dinehart, Harry W. Shenton III, and Timothy E. Elliott

5.FRC-Steel Joist Composite Frames for Seismic Resistance
Madhusudan Khuntia and Subhash C. Goel

6.An Overall Evaluation of Irregular-Floor-Plan—Shaped Buildings Located in Seismic Areas
Oscar A. López and Elizabeth Raven

7.The Relationship of Foundation Deformation to Surface and Near-Surface Faulting Resulting from the 1992 Landers Earthquake
Diane Murbach, Thomas K. Rockwell, and Jonathan D. Bray

8.Correlates of Damage to Residences Following the Northridge Earthquake, as Reported in a Population-Based Survey of Los Angeles County Residents
Kimberley I. Shoaf and Linda B. Bourque

9.Opinion Paper: The Cost of a Life
George W. Housner

10.Discussion of "Nonlinear Analyses of an Instrumented Structure Damaged in the 1994 Northridge Earthquake" by Y. Roger Li and James O. Jirsa
JoAnn Browning and Andres Lepage