..
16) -- Iervolino, I., and Cornell, C. A. (2005). Record selection for nonlinear seismic analysis of structures, Earthquake Spectra; 21(3): 685–713.
This study addresses the question of selection and amplitude scaling of accelerograms for predicting the nonlinear seismic response of structures. It hypothesizes that neither usual principal seismological characteristics nor scaling of records matters to the nonlinear response of structures. It then investigates under what conditions this hypothesis may not be sustainable. Results here show [1] little evidence to support the need for a careful site-specific process of record selection by magnitude and distance, and [2] that concern over scenario-to-scenario record scaling, at least within the limits tested, may not be justified.
17) -- Iervolino, I., Manfredi, G., and Cosenza, E. (2006). Ground-motion duration effects on nonlinear seismic response, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics; 35: 21–38.
The study presented in this paper addresses the question of which nonlinear demand measures are sensitive to ground motion duration by statistical analyses of several case studies. A number of single SDOF structures were selected considering: (1) four oscillation periods; (2) three evolutionary and non-evolutionary hysteretic behaviours; (3) two target ductility levels. Effects of duration are investigated, by nonlinear dynamic analysis, with respect to six different demand indices ranging from displacement ductility ratio to equivalent number of cycles. The results lead to the conclusion that duration content of ground motion is statistically insignificant to displacement ductility and cyclic ductility demand. The conclusions hold regardless of SDOF’s period and hysteretic relationship investigated.
18) -- Iervolino, I., Maddaloni, G., and Cosenza, E. (2008). Eurocode 8 compliant real record sets for seismic analysis of structures, Journal of Earthquake Engineering; 12(1): 54–90.
The study presented herein investigates the European Strong-Motion Database with the purpose of assessing whether it is possible to find real accelerogram sets complying with the EC8 spectra, while accounting for additional constraints believed to matter in the seismic assessment of buildings, as suggested by the current best practice. Original (un-scaled) accelerogram sets matching EC8 criteria were found, for the case of one-component (P-type) and spatial sets (S-type), for the spectra anchored to the Italian peak acceleration values. The average spectra for these sets tend to be as close as possible to the code spectrum. Other sets, requiring scaling, have been found to match the non dimensional (country-independent) EC8 spectral shape. These sets have also the benefit of reducing, in respect to the un-scaled sets, the record-to-record variability of spectra.
19) -- Iervolino, I., Maddaloni, G., and Cosenza, E. (2009). A Note on Selection of Time-Histories for Seismic Analysis of Bridges in Eurocode 8, Journal of Earthquake Engineering; 13:1125–1152.
This paper represents an extension of the same study to EC8 Part 2 and bridges. To this aim the European Strong-Motion Database is searched to identify real record sets matching the design spectral shapes for several hazard levels and site conditions in a broad
range of periods up to 4s. It resulted that combinations well approximating the target may be found for some soil classes, at least for low-to-moderate seismicity sites and if the condition of matching specific source parameters is released and large record-to-record variability is accepted. Finally the record sets presented have been used to compare spectral compatibility prescriptions of EC8 Part 1 and Part 2, which have been found to be equivalent to some extent.
.. To be continued
16) -- Iervolino, I., and Cornell, C. A. (2005). Record selection for nonlinear seismic analysis of structures, Earthquake Spectra; 21(3): 685–713.
This study addresses the question of selection and amplitude scaling of accelerograms for predicting the nonlinear seismic response of structures. It hypothesizes that neither usual principal seismological characteristics nor scaling of records matters to the nonlinear response of structures. It then investigates under what conditions this hypothesis may not be sustainable. Results here show [1] little evidence to support the need for a careful site-specific process of record selection by magnitude and distance, and [2] that concern over scenario-to-scenario record scaling, at least within the limits tested, may not be justified.
17) -- Iervolino, I., Manfredi, G., and Cosenza, E. (2006). Ground-motion duration effects on nonlinear seismic response, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics; 35: 21–38.
The study presented in this paper addresses the question of which nonlinear demand measures are sensitive to ground motion duration by statistical analyses of several case studies. A number of single SDOF structures were selected considering: (1) four oscillation periods; (2) three evolutionary and non-evolutionary hysteretic behaviours; (3) two target ductility levels. Effects of duration are investigated, by nonlinear dynamic analysis, with respect to six different demand indices ranging from displacement ductility ratio to equivalent number of cycles. The results lead to the conclusion that duration content of ground motion is statistically insignificant to displacement ductility and cyclic ductility demand. The conclusions hold regardless of SDOF’s period and hysteretic relationship investigated.
18) -- Iervolino, I., Maddaloni, G., and Cosenza, E. (2008). Eurocode 8 compliant real record sets for seismic analysis of structures, Journal of Earthquake Engineering; 12(1): 54–90.
The study presented herein investigates the European Strong-Motion Database with the purpose of assessing whether it is possible to find real accelerogram sets complying with the EC8 spectra, while accounting for additional constraints believed to matter in the seismic assessment of buildings, as suggested by the current best practice. Original (un-scaled) accelerogram sets matching EC8 criteria were found, for the case of one-component (P-type) and spatial sets (S-type), for the spectra anchored to the Italian peak acceleration values. The average spectra for these sets tend to be as close as possible to the code spectrum. Other sets, requiring scaling, have been found to match the non dimensional (country-independent) EC8 spectral shape. These sets have also the benefit of reducing, in respect to the un-scaled sets, the record-to-record variability of spectra.
19) -- Iervolino, I., Maddaloni, G., and Cosenza, E. (2009). A Note on Selection of Time-Histories for Seismic Analysis of Bridges in Eurocode 8, Journal of Earthquake Engineering; 13:1125–1152.
This paper represents an extension of the same study to EC8 Part 2 and bridges. To this aim the European Strong-Motion Database is searched to identify real record sets matching the design spectral shapes for several hazard levels and site conditions in a broad
range of periods up to 4s. It resulted that combinations well approximating the target may be found for some soil classes, at least for low-to-moderate seismicity sites and if the condition of matching specific source parameters is released and large record-to-record variability is accepted. Finally the record sets presented have been used to compare spectral compatibility prescriptions of EC8 Part 1 and Part 2, which have been found to be equivalent to some extent.
Code:
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.. To be continued
.