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The purpose of this standard is to provide guidance to facilitate the design, manufacture, and procurement of welded steel tanks for the storage of water. This standard does not cover all details of design and construction because of the large variety of sizes and shapes of tanks. Where details for any specific design are not given, it is intended that the constructor, subject to the approval of the purchaser, shall provide details that are designed and constructed to be adequate and as safe as those that would otherwise be provided under this standard. This standard does not cover concrete steel composite tank construction. Section 1 covers general topics such as scope, definitions, guarantee, drawings to be furnished, and references. Section 2 discusses material specifications. Section 3 details general design. Section 4 addresses the sizing and design of elevated tanks. Accessories for elevated tanks are discussed in Section 5. Section 6 covers sizing of ground supported standpipes and reservoirs. Accessories for ground supported standpipes and reservoirs are detailed in Section 7. Sections 8 through 15 include welding, shop fabrication, erection, inspection and testing, foundation design, seismic design of water storage tanks, alternative design basis for standpipes and reservoirs, and structurally supported aluminum dome roofs, respectively. The major revisions in this edition of ANSI/AWWA D100-96 include the following: Section 2 includes new data on the types and thicknesses of materials and their uses in tank construction. Section 3 has been extensively revised in the area of design load definitions, and the reference tables, figures and equations used in the design of welded steel tanks. Minimum plate thicknesses, roofs, anchor bolts, and flush-type cleanouts have been defined. The buckling requirements of conical and double-curved shells have been clarified. Section 4 clarifies the design of tension members carrying wind and seismic loads and steel risers. Updates of criteria for accessories including safety grills, overflows, and screening have been added to Sec. 5. Section 7 includes updates similar to those found in Sec. 5. Section 8, concerning the quality control of welders, welding operators, and welding inspectors, has been expanded to improve quality control during construction. Critical joint details, materials, and sizes of welds are also clarified. Section 10 has been revised to better define temperature limits for welding and limits of weld reinforcement.' Section 11 includes extensive changes concerning the inspection of welded joints. Tank shell, tubular support, columns, tension member bracing, and large diameter riser joints are discussed, and radiograph requirements have been revised. The penetrometer techniques and details have also been revised to conform to ASME criteria. Section 12 has minor changes, and Sec. 12.6 concerning foundations for flat bottom tanks has been revised. Section 13 covering seismic design has extensive revisions updating the methods to calculate forces and stresses. A new seismic map of the United States is included along with new and revised equations for calculating such things as hydrodynamic seismic hoop tensile stresses, and sloshing wave height to determine minimum freeboard. Appendix C of the previous edition has been incorporated into the standard as Sec. 14. Reference standards have been moved to Sec. 1. Electrode criteria and requirements for permanent and temporary attachment criteria have been revised. The type of inspection and number of weld joint inspections have also been updated for better quality control. A new Section 15, entitled Structurally Supported Aluminum Dome Roofs, has been added. It provides the purchaser with the flexibility to choose an alternative roof system. The entire standard was reviewed carefully, and minor changes were made in many of the section to improve understanding and readability. Tabulated values and equations throughout this standard have been revised to include English and SI units of measurement. In the event of a discrepancy between the values, the English values shall govern.




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ANSI/AWWA A100-97 WATER WELLS

ANSI/AWWA D STANDARDS (1999)

ANSI/AWWA D 1999 STANDARDS

ANSI/AWWA D100-96 WELDED STEEL TANKS FOR WATER STORAGE
ANSI/AWWA D102-97 COATING STEEL WATER STORAGE TANKS
ANSI/AWWA D103-97 FACTORY COATED BOLTED STEEL TANKS FOR WATER STORAGE
ANSI/AWWA D104-97 AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED IMPRESSED CURRENT CATHODIC PROTECTION FOR THE INTERIOR STEEL WATER TANKS
ANSI/AWWA D110-95 WIRE AND STRAND WOUND CIRCULAR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WATER TANKS
ANSI/AWWA D115-95 CIRCULAR PRESTRESSED CONCRETE WATER TANKS WITH CIRCUMFERENTIAL TENDONS
ANSI/AWWA D120-84 (R89) THERMOSETTING FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC TANKS
ANSI/AWWA D130-96 FLEXIBLE MEMBRANE LINING AND FLOATING COVER MATERIALS FOR POTABLE WATER STORAGE

All the above current as of september 1999





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ANSI/AWWA D100-05 Welded Carbon Steel Tanks for Water Storage

ANSI/AWWA C STANDARDS (1999)

ANSI/AWWA C STANDARDS (1999)

CONTENTS:

ANSI/AWWA C104/A21.4-95 CEMENT MORTAR LINING FOR DUCTILE IRON PIPE AND FITTINGS FOR WATER
ANSI/AWWA C105/A21.5-93 POLYETHYLENE ENCASEMENT FOR DUCTILE IRON PIPE SYSTEMS
ANSI/AWWA C110/A21.10-98 DUCTILE IRON AND GRAY IRON FITTINGS 3 IN. THROUGH 48 IN. (76mm THROUGH 1,219 mm) FOR WATER.
ANSI/AWWA C111/A21.11-95 RUBBER GASKET JOINTS FOR DUCTILE IRON PRESSURE PIPE AND FITTINGS.
ANSI/AWWA C115/A21.15-94 FLANGED DUCTILE IRON PIPE WITH DUCTILE IRON OR GRAY IRON THREADED FLANGES.
ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.16-98 PROTECTIVE FUSION BONDED EPOXY COATINGS FOR THE INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR SURFACES OF DUCTILE IRON AND GRAY IRON FITTINGS FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C150/A21.50-96 THICKNESS DESIGN OF DUCTILE IRON PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C151/A21.51-96 DUCTILE IRON PIPE CENTRIFUGALLY CAST FOR WATER.
ANSI/AWWA C153/A21.53-94 DUCTILE IRON COMPACT FITTINGS 3 IN. THROUGH 24 IN. (76mm THROUGH 610mm) AND 54 IN. THROUGH 64 IN. (1,400mm THROUGH 1,600mm) FOR WATER SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C200-97 STEEL WATER PIPE 6 IN. (150mm) AND LARGER.
ANSI/AWWA C203-97 COAL TAR PROTECTIVE COATINGS AND LININGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPELINES ENAMEL AND TAPE-HOT APPLIED.
ANSI/AWWA C205-95 CEMENT-MORTAR PROTECTIVE LINING AND COATING FOR STEEL WATER PIPE 4 IN. (100mm) AND LARGER SHOP APPLIED.
ANSI/AWWA C206-97 FIELD WELDING OF STEEL WATER PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C207-94 STEEL PIPE FLANGES FOR WATERWORKS SERVICE SIZES 4 IN. THROUGH 144 IN. (100mm THROUGH 3,600mm).
ANSI/AWWA C208-96 DIMENSIONS FOR FABRICATED STEEL WATER PIPE FITTINGS.
ANSI/AWWA C209-95 COLD APPLIED TAPE COTINGS FOR THE EXTERIOR OF SPECIAL SECTIONS CONNECTIONS AND FITTINGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C210-97 LIQUID EPOXY COATING SYSTEMS FOR THE INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR OF STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C213-96 FUSION BONDED EPPOXY COATING FOR THE INTERIOR AND EXTERIOR OF STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C214-95 TAPE COATING SYSTEMS FOR THE EXTERIOR OF STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C215-94 EXTRUDED POLYOLEFIN COATINGS FOR THE EXTERIOR OF STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C216-94 HEAT SHRINKABLE CROSS LINKED POLYOLEFIN COATINGS FOR THE EXTERIOR OF SPECIAL SECTIONS CONNECTIONS AND FITTINGS FOR STEEL WATER PIPES.
ANSI/AWWA C217-95 COLD APPLIED PETROLATUM TAPE AND PETROLEUM WAX TAPE COATINGS FOR THE EXTERIOR OF SPECIAL SECTIONS CONNECTIONS AND FITTINGS FOR BURIED STEEL WATER PIPELINES.
ANSI/AWWA C218-95 COATING THE EXTERIOR OF ABOVEGROUND STEEL WATER PIPELINES AND FITTINGS.
ANSI/AWWA C219-97 BOLTED SLEEVE TYPE COUPLINGS FOR PLAIN END PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C220-98 STAINLESS STEEL PIPE 4 IN. (100mm) AND LARGER.
ANSI/AWWA C221-97 FABRICATED STEEL MECHANICAL SLIP TYPE EXPANSION JOINTS.
ANSI/AWWA C300-97 REINFORCED CONCRETE PRESSURE PIPE STEEL CYLINDER TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C301-96 PRESTRESSED CONCRETE PRESSURE PIPE STEEL CYLINDER FOR WATER AND OTHER LIQUIDS.
ANSI/AWWA C302-95 REINFORCED CONCRETE PRESSURE PIPE NON CYLINDER TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C303-95 CONCRETE PRESSURE PIPE BAR WRAPPED STEEL CYLINDER TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C304-92 DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE CYLINDER PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C400-93(R98) ASBESTOS CEMENT PRESSURE PIPE 4 IN. THROUGH 16 IN. (100mm THROUGH 400mm) FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.
ANSI/AWWA C401-93(R98) SELECTION OF ASBESTOS CEMENT PRESSURE PIPE 4 IN. THROUGH 16 IN. (100mm THROUGH 400mm) FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.
ANSI/AWWA C402-95 ASBESTOS CEMENT TRANSMISSION PIPE 18 IN. THROUGH 42 IN. (450mm THROUGH 1,050mm) FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C403-95 SELECTION OF ASBESTOS CEMENT TRANSMISSION PIPE SIZES 18 IN. THROUGH 42 IN. (450mm THROUGH 1,050mm) FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C500-93 METAL SEATED GATE VALVES FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C501-92 CAST IRON SLUICE GATES.
ANSI/AWWA C502-94 DRY BARREL FIRE HYDRANTS.
ANSI/AWWA C503-97 WET BARREL FIRE HYDRANTS.
ANSI/AWWA C504-94 RUBBER SEATED BUTTERFLY VALVES.
ANSI/AWWA C507-91 BALL VALVES 6 IN. THROUGH 48 IN. (150mm THROUGH 1200mm).
ANSI/AWWA C508-93 SWING CHECK VALVES FOR WATERWORKS SERVICE 2 IN. (500mm) THROUGH 24 IN. (600mm) NPS.
ANSI/AWWA C509-94 RESILIENT SEATED GATE VALVES FOR WATER SUPPLY SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C510-97 DOUBLE CHECK VALVE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY.
ANSI/AWWA C511-97 REDUCED PRESSURE PRINCIPLE BACKFLOW PREVENTION ASSEMBLY.
ANSI/AWWA C512-92 AIR RELEASE AIR/VACUUM AND COMBINATION AIR VALVES FOR WATER WORKS SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C513-97 OPEN CHANNEL FABRICATED METAL SLIDE GATES.
ANSI/AWWA C540-93 POWER ACTUATING DEVICES FOR VALVES AND SLUICE GATES.
ANSI/AWWA C550-90 PROTECTIVE EPOXY INTERIOR COATINGS FOR VALVES AND HYDRANTS.
ANSI/AWWA C600-93 INSTALLATION OF DUCTILE IRON WATER MAINS AND THEIR APPURTENANCES.
ANSI/AWWA C602-95 CEMENT MORTAR LINING OF WATER PIPELINES IN PLACE 4 IN. (100mm) AND LARGER.
ANSI/AWWA C603-96 INSTALLATION OF ASBESTOS CEMENT PRESSURE PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C605-94 UNDERGROUND INSTALLATION OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE PIPE AND FITTINGS FOR WATER.
ANSI/AWWA C606-97 GROOVED AND SHOULDERED JOINTS.
ANSI/AWWA C651-92 DISINFECTING WATER MAINS.
ANSI/AWWA C652-92 DISINFECTION OF WATER STORAGE FACILITIES.
ANSI/AWWA C653-97 DISINFECTION OF WATER TREATMENT PLANTS.
ANSI/AWWA C654-97 DISINFECTION OF WELLS.
ANSI/AWWA C700-95 COLD WATER METERS DISPLACEMENT TYPE BRONZE MAIN CASE.
ANSI/AWWA C701-88 COLD WATER METERS TURBINE TYPE FOR CUSTOMER SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C702-92 COLD WATER METERS COMPOUND TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C703-96 COLD WATER METERS FIRE SERVICE TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C704-92 PROPELLER TYPE METERS FOR WATERWORKS APPLICATIONS.
ANSI/AWWA C706-96 DIRECT READING REMOTE REGISTRATION SYSTEMS FOR COLD WATER SYSTEMS.
ANSI/AWWA C707-82(R92) ENCODER TYPE REMOTE REGISTRATION SYSTEMS FOR COLD WATER METERS.
ANSI/AWWA C708-96 COLD WATER METERS MULTIJET TYPE.
ANSI/AWWA C710-95 COLD WATER METERS DISPLACEMENT TYPE PLASTIC MAIN CASE.
ANSI/AWWA C800-89 UNDERGROUND SERVICE LINE VALVES AND FITTINGS.
ANSI/AWWA C900-97 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 4 IN. THROUGH 12 IN. (100mm THROUGH 300mm) FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION.
ANSI/AWWA C901-96 POLYETHYLENE (PE) PRESSURE PIPE AND TUBING ½ IN (13mm) THROUGH 3 IN. (76mm) FOR WATER SERVICE.
ANSI/AWWA C905-97 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE PIPE AND FABRICATED FITTINGS 14 IN. THROUGH 48 IN. (350mm THROUGH 1,200mm) FOR WATER TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION.
ANSI/AWWA C906-90 POLYETHYLENE (PE) PRESSURE PIPE AND FITTINGS 4 IN. THROUGH 63 IN. FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION.
ANSI/AWWA C907-91 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC) PRESSURE FITTINGS FOR WATER 4 IN. THROUGH 8 IN. (100mm THROUGH 200mm).
ANSI/AWWA C908-97 PVC SELF TAPPING SADDLE TEES FOR USE ON PVC PIPE.
ANSI/AWWA C909-98 MOLECULARLY ORIENTED POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVCO) PRESSURE PIPE 4 IN. THROUGH 12 IN. (100mm THROUGH 300mm) FOR WATER DISTRIBUTION.
ANSI/AWWA C950-95 FIBERGLASS PRESSURE PIPE.

All the above current as of september 1999

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ANSI/AWWA B STANDARDS

CONTENTS

ANSI/AWWA B STANDARDS (TREAMENT)

FILTRATION
B100-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR FILTERING MATERIAL
B101-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR PRECOAT FILTER MEDIA

SOFTENING
B200-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARDS FOR SODIUM CHLORIDE
B201-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODA ASH
B202-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR QUICKLIME AND HYDRATED LIME

DISINFECTION
B300-92 ANSI/ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR HYPOCHLORITE
B301-92 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR LIQUID CHLORINE
B302-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR AMMONIUM SULFATE
B303-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM CHLORITE

COAGULATION
B402-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR FERROUS SULFATE
B403-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR ALUMINUM SUALFATE LIQUID, GROUND OR LUMP
B404-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR LIQUID SODIUM SILICATE
B405-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM ALUMINATE
B406-97 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR FERRIC SULFATE
B407-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR LIQUID FERRIC CHLORIDE
B408-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR LIQUID POLYALUMINUM CHLORIDE
B451-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR POLY(DIALLYLDIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE)
B452-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR EPI-DMA POLYAMINES
B453-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR POLYACRIL AMIDE

SCALE AND CORROSION CONTROL
B501-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM HYDROXIDE (CAUSTIC SODA)
B502-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM POLYPHOSPHATE GLASSY (SODIUM HEXAMETAPHOSPHATE)
B503-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM TRIPOLYPHOSPHATE
B504-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR MONOSODIUM PHOSPHATE ANHYDROUS
B505-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR DISODIUM PHOSPHATE ANHYDROUS
B510-95 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR CARBON DIOXIDE
B511-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE
B512-97 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SULFUR DIOXIDE
B550-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR CALCIUM CHLORIDE

TASTE AND ODOR CONTROL
B600-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON
B601-93 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM METABISULFITE
B602-91(R97) ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR COPPER SULFATE
B603-98 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR POTASIUM PERMANGANATE
B604-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR GARNULAR ACTIVATED CARBON

PROPHYLAXIS
B701-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM FLUORIDE
B702-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR SODIUM FLUOROSILICATE
B703-94 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR FLUOROSILICIC ACID





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All the above current as of september 1999

ANSI/AWWA E STANDARDS

ANSI/AWWA E STANDARDS
CONTENTS


PUMPING
E101-88 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR VERTICAL TURBINE PUMPS-LINESHAFT AND SUBMERSIBLE TYPES





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The above current as of september 1999

ANSI/AWWA F STANDARDS

ANSI/AWWA F STANDARDS
CONTENTS

PLANT EQUIPMENT
F101-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR CONTACT MOLDED FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC WASH WATER TROUGH AND LAUNDERS
F102-96 ANSI/AWWA STANDARD FOR MATCHED DIE MOLDED FIBERGLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC WEIR PLATES SCUM BAFFLES AND MOUNTING BRACKETS.





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All the above current as of september 1999

Mirrors to AWWA D STANDARDS
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ANSI/AWWA C950-01 Fiberglass Pressure Pipe

This standard describes the fabrication and the testing of nominal 1-in. through 156-in. (25-mm through 4,000-mm) fiberglass pipe and joining systems for use in both aboveground and belowground water systems. Service and distribution piping systems and transmission piping systems are included. Both glass-fiber-reinforced thermosetting-resin pipe (RTRP) and glass-fiber-reinforced polymer mortar pipe (RPMP) are fiberglass pipes. Epoxy-resin and polyester-resin systems are described, and commercial-grade E-type glass is specified as the glass-fiber reinforcement material in the pipe wall. Liner materials incorporated include thermosetting or thermoplastic resin, reinforced or unreinforced, with or without fillers. Pressure classes described are 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, and 450 psig (345, 689, 1,034, 1,379, 1,724, 2,069, 2,414, 2,759, and 3,103 kPa). Stiffness classes described are 9, 18, 36, and 72 psi (62, 124, 248, and 496 kPa). This standard may be used to the extent applicable for other diameters, pressure classes, and stiffness classes. For information on design, hydraulics, and installation, refer to AWWA Manual M45, Fiberglass Pipe Design. Major revisions made to the standard in this edition include the following: diameter range increased to 156 in. (4,000 mm); pressure classes 300, 350, 400, 450 psi (2,069, 2,414, 2,759, 3,103 kPa) added; Table 5 (metric OD) updated; and, several tables updated to reflect additional diameter and pressure classes.




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ANSI/AWWA C207-07 STEEL PIPE FLANGES FOR WATERWORKS SERVICE SIZES 4 IN. THROUGH 144 IN. (100mm THROUGH 3,600mm).

This standard covers two types of slip-on flanges, ring type and hub type, that may be used interchangeably if the dimensions given in the standard are used. The standard also covers blind flanges. The flange types and the tables that describe them are: Ring-type, slip-on flanges (Tables 2, 5, and 6); Hub-type, slip-on flanges (Tables 3 and 4); and Blind flanges (Table 7). Unless otherwise specified by the purchaser, the manufacturer will select the type to be used. The purpose of this standard is to provide purchasers and manufacturers minimum material requirements and dimensions for a variety of steel flanges for attachment to steel water pipe and fittings. Major changes made in this edition of the standard are as follows: The standard was edited and reformatted throughout; Sec. 4.1.1.2, Steel plate or bar (old Sec. 2.1.2), was revised to add carbon restrictions and the minimum yield strength was increased to 32,000 psi (220.6 MPa), representative of materials commonly used today; Sec. 4.1.2, Bolting (old Sec. 2.2), was revised to delete ASTM A307 grade A for class B and D flanges and add ASTM A193 grade B7 for class E and F flanges; Sec. 4.1.3, Gaskets (old Sec. 2.3), was revised and new Table 1, Flange Gasket Materials, Type and Thickness, was added; Sec. 4.2.5, Blind Flanges (old Sec. 3.5), was revised, reducing the maximum size of flat-plate blind flanges from 60 in. to 48 in. (1,500 mm to 1,200 mm); tables previously numbered 1-5 were renumbered Tables 2-6, respectively; bolt diameters for class B flanges in Tables 2 and 3 (new) were revised to match class D bolt holes; thicknesses of some flanges were changed in Tables 2 and 6 (new); a tolerance on the diameter of the flange bore was added to Tables 2 and 3 (new) to prevent over-boring hub flanges; hub flanges greater than 96 in. (2,400 mm) were deleted from Tables 3 and 4 (new); old Table 6, AWWA Standard Steel Hub Flanges, Class F (300 psi [2,068 kPa]0, was deleted since these flanges are identical to ANSI/ASME B16.5, and new Table 7, AWWA Blind-Flange Thickness, was added.




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