Civil Engineering Association

Can Site Response be Predicted ?

About the Author:

Dr. David M. Boore is a Geophysicist at the U.S. Geological Survey. He first graduated from Stanford University in 1964 and then obtained a Doctoral degree in Geophysics in 1970 at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dr. Boore has also worked as a visiting assistant professor and assistant professor in the Department of Geophysics at Stanford University from 1972 to 1978. Dr. Boore has published over 130 papers, most dealing with various aspects of the problem of estimating the ground shaking from large earthquakes. The topics covered in these publications range from the seismic source to site response, with stops in between. He was awarded a Meritorious Service Award by the U.S. Department of the Interior in 1993 in recognition of his research in many different areas of engineering seismology; he is a Fellow of the American Geophysical Union and an honorary life member of the Seismological Society of America. He has a personal webpage, provides many useful information, includes his published online journals, lecture notes, programs, data, etc..

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Abstract:

Large modifications of seismic waves are produced by variations of material properties near the Earth’s surface and by both surface and buried topography. These modifications, usually referred to as “site response”, in general lead to larger motions on soil sites than on rock-like sites. Because the soil amplifications can be as large as a factor of ten, they are important in engineering applications that require the quantitative specification of ground motions. This has been recognised for years by both seismologists and engineers, and it is hard to open an earthquake journal these days without finding an article on site response. What is often missing in these studies, however, are discussions of the uncertainty of the predicted response. A number of purely observational studies demonstrate that ground motions have large site-to-site variability for a single earthquake and large earthquake-location-dependent variability for a single site. This variability makes site-specific, earthquake-specific predictions of site response quite uncertain, even if detailed geotechnical and geological information is available near the site. Predictions of site response for average classes of sites exposed to the motions from many earthquakes can be made with much greater certainty if sufficient empirical observations
are available.

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