Civil Engineering Association

soil structure interaction under Extreme Loading Conditions

INTRODUCTION
From a geotechnical perspective, extreme loading conditions are those that induce large plastic, irrecoverable deformation in soil. They are often associated with significant geometric changes in the soil mass, such as shear rupture, heave and void formation, and are accompanied by a peak, or maximum, interaction force imposed on embedded structures. Such loading takes soil well beyond the range of deformation related to the conventional design of civil structures. It applies to performance under unusual, extreme conditions. Such conditions include earthquakes, floods, landslides, large deformation induced by tunneling and deep excavations, and subsidence caused by severe dewatering or withdrawal of minerals and fluids during mining and oil production. Such loading conditions are becoming increasingly more important as technologies are developed to cope with natural hazards, human threats, and construction in congested urban environments.
Extreme loading conditions for soils are often accompanied by extreme loading conditions for structures. Examples include soil/structure interaction associated with pipelines subjected to fault rupture, piles affected by landslides, and soil failure imposed on underground facilities by explosions, flooding, and the collapse of voids. Such conditions induce large plastic, irrecoverable structural deformation that involves both material and geometric nonlinear behavior. Hence, analytical and experimental modeling



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