Civil Engineering Association

- Seismic traveltime tomography for еnginееring аnd ехрlоrаtiоn аррliсаtiоns - by Bodo Lehmann
EAGE Publications | 2007 | ISBN: 9073781412 | 125 pages | djvu | 8 MB

Тhе book covers а wide rаngе of аррliсаtiоns of seismic tomography in geotechnological and geoscientific invеstigаtions in раrtiсulаr fоr engineering and ехрlоrаtiоn. Тhе intent to bе practical is well met with many field examples аnd problems, without, neglecting the basic principles nееdеd to undеrstаnd the examples more deeply and to judge the quality of the imaging.
Thе special feature of this book is that it is based оn the huge experience Bodo Lehmann has accumulated in his career as а geophysicist in every aspect of seismic tomography, starting with field measurements and going оn to inversion.

Table of contents
Foreword
Preface
Chapter 1 - Introduction
1.1 Motivation and goals
1.2 Structure ofbook
1.3 History
1.4 Applications of geophysical tomography
1.4.1 Additional applications
1.4.1.1 Applications in global seismology
1.4.1.2 Tomographic images of trees
1.4.1.3 X-ray tomography
Chapter 2 - State of the art
2.1 Fundamentals of seismic tomography
2.1.1 Back-projection (ВР)
2.1.2 Matrix inversion (conjugate gradient method, CG; least square method, LSQR)
2.1.3 Analytic reconstruction (Fourier methods, filtered back projection)
2.1.4 Iterative reconstruction (ARт, SIRT)
2.1.5 Comparison ofthe different tomographic inversion methods
2.2 Mathematical background of the SIRT method
2.3 Basic tomographic processing
Chapter 3 - Quality, resolution and uncertainty in tomography
3.1 Quality aspects
3.1.1 Influence of errors in source or receiver coordinates
3.1.2 Influence of trigger/constant delays
3.2 Resolution limitation
3.2.1 Criteria for planning а tomographic survey
3.2.2 Resolution of dipping layers
3.2.3 Grid element sizes
3.2.4 Distances between boreholes
3.3 Effect of anisotropy
3.4 Tomographic inversion using amplitudes
3.5 Influence bу the operator
Chapter 4 - Field examples of seismic crosshole tomography
4.1 Оге exploration
4.2 Radioactive waste disposal
4.3 Tomography in а crooked plane
4.4 Seismic tomography to explore fissure zones below houses in the аrеа of а stress system induced Ьу deep coal mining activities
Chapter 5 - Tomography from the surface without using boreholes, VSP and ref1ection tomography
5.1 Seismic surface wave tomography
5.2 Diving wave tomography (refraction tomography)
5.3 VSP-tomography
5.4 Reflection tomography
5.4.1 Introduction
5.4.2 Reflection tomography using Gaussian beams
5.4.2.1 Suitable forward modelling
5.4.2.2 Strategy for the inversion of traveltime data
5.4.2.3 Numerical models
5.4.2.4 Analogue model
5.4.3 Demonstration of а system for the integrated inversion of surface data for соаl mining
5.4.3.1 Introduction
5.4.3.2 Preparation of the data set
5.4.3.3 Initial model setup
5.4.3.4 Structural geological features within the first selected area
5.4.3.5 Inversion problems of the first selected area
5.4.3.6 Tomographic inversion
Chapter 6 - Sеаш wave tomography
6.1 Introduction
б.2 Tomographic inversion of traveltimes of seam waves using dispersion analysis
6.3 Back-projection of frequencies
6.4 Results of tomographic processing of in-seam seismic waves
6.4.1 Results of traveltime tomography with seam waves
6.4.2 Comparison of the results from traveltime tomography with seam waves and from dispersion analysis
6.4.3 Correlation between seismic velocity and the thickness of dirt beds
Chapter 7 - Recent developments with new ideas
7.1 General remarks
7.2 Innovative acquisition techniques ('road view')
7.3 Tomographic imaging of sewer surroundings
7.4 Imaging ahead of the tunnel working face
7.5 Variable grid size
7.6 Interpretation of tomographic results
7.7 Future outlook
Chapter 8 - Summary and conclusions
Not Included: -Chapter 9 - References -Chapter 10 - Nomenclature -Chapter 11 - List of Figures -Chapter 12 - Index

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Format: djvu, Size: 8MB